The attitude of the hypocrites on the occasion of this battle is reviewed and the causes underlying it are pointed out.It was the first ever occasion that the Muslims took control of a conquered territory, the law concerning it was laid down for their guidance. Guidance is provided as to how the lands and properties which came under the control of the Islamic State as a result of war or peace terms, are to be managed.An exception to the law relating to war is enunciated: "The destruction caused in the enemy territory for military purposes does not come under spreading mischief in the earth.".Those who dare to resist the power of Allah always meet with the same fate. Allah says that this happened not because of any power possessed by the Muslims but because the Jews had tried to resist and fight Allah and His Messenger. They expressed their readiness to accept banishment from their centuries old, well established settlement even though not a single man from among them was killed. A major tribe which was as strong in numbers as the Muslims, whose people boasted of far more wealth and possessions, who were by no means ill equipped militarily and whose forts were well fortified but could not stand siege even for a few days. There is an admonition to take heed of the fate that had just befallen the Bani an-Nadhir.The theme of this Surah is an appraisal of the battle against the Bani An-Nadhir which can be summarized as follows:
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